Jasmine Absolute (Royal / Spanish Jasmine) (Tinh dầu hoa nhài — chiết absolue (Hoa lài / Hoa nhài))

Nhận Diện

Section 1 — Identification

Danh pháp khoa học: *Jasminum grandiflorum* L. (syn. *Jasminum officinale* var. *grandiflorum*)
Họ thực vật: Oleaceae
Bộ phận dùng: Fresh flowers (bông hoa tươi) — harvested exclusively by hand between 5–10 AM before the day's heat
Phương pháp chiết xuất: Solvent extraction (hexane or petroleum ether) → Concrete → Absolute (ethanol washing of concrete, t
Màu sắc: Deep orange-brown to reddish-amber; viscous semi-solid at room temperature (<20°C), liquid when warmed; one of the most viscous of all commercial absolutes
Phân loại nốt hương: Middle note
Hương thơm: Heart–Base note; quintessential deep, rich, warm white floral — intensely sweet, narcotic, waxy, slightly animalic/indolic, with subtle fruity and green tea-leaf undertone; evolves from bright-sweet floral on opening to deep, honeyed-balsamic on dry-down
Chemotype / Cultivar: No formally defined chemotype; geographic origin drives significant profile variation:
Các quốc gia sản xuất chính: Egypt ★★★★★ (Gharbia/Nile Delta — dominant commercial supply3500–4000 kg absolute/year)India ★★★★☆ (Tamil Nadu/Coimbatore — premium grade)France ★★☆☆☆ (Grasse — prestigeUNESCO-listedlimited volume)China ★★★☆☆ (domestic consumption)Morocco ★★☆☆☆
Tình trạng tại Việt Nam: ⭐⭐⭐☆☆ — Imported; available at specialist aromatherapy/perfumery suppliers in Hanoi and HCM City. Significant adulteration in the Vietnamese market — synthetic jasmine fragrance oils and diluted absolutes are common. Authentic absolute price: 500,000–2,500,000 VND / 1–3 ml. GC/MS certificate essential. NOTE: *J. grandiflorum* absolute should not be confused with *J. sambac* absolute (hoa lài Việt Nam native species — different profile).

Thành Phần Hóa Học

Section 2 — Chemical Composition (GC/MS)

Cấu tử	Nhóm	%	Tác dụng
Benzyl Acetate ★★★ DOMINANT	Aromatic ester	14–28%	Primary jasmine odorant; antispasmodic; CNS mild calming via olfactory pathway
Benzyl Benzoate	Aromatic ester (diester)	14–30%	Fixative; antispasmodic (smooth muscle); acaricidal; key allergen (EU 26)
Phytol	Diterpene alcohol	8–13%	Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory; contributes waxy-earthy base note; unique absolute marker
Linalool	Monoterpenol	5–12%	Anxiolytic (GABAergic), anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial
Isophytol	Diterpene alcohol	3–7%	Antioxidant synergist; earthy-waxy note
(E)-Jasmone / cis-Jasmone	Cyclopentenone ketone	2–5%	Key odorant — characteristic jasmine note; anti-inflammatory; methyl jasmonate precursor
Benzyl Alcohol	Aromatic alcohol	2–5%	Antimicrobial (preservative); mild sedative; floral-sweet odorant
Geranyl Linalool	Diterpene alcohol	1–5%	Floral modifier, antioxidant
Eugenol	Phenylpropanoid	1–3%	Anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, analgesic; spicy-floral modifier; EU 26 allergen
Indole	Aromatic N-compound	0.5–1.5%	Narcotic/animalic odorant at trace; threshold odorant — critical for jasmine character
Methyl Jasmonate	Cyclopentenone ester	0.5–2%	Antidepressant (serotonergic modulation), stress-signalling phytohormone
cis-3-Hexenyl Benzoate	Ester	0.5–1.5%	Green-floral freshness modifier

- **Benzyl acetate : benzyl benzoate = 1:1 to 1.5:1** — both high = authentic absolute; very high benzyl benzoate (>35%) alone = possibly adulterated/diluted with synthetic - **Phytol >8%** = confirmation of genuine absolute (not steam-distilled or synthetic); phytol is non-volatile and destroys in steam distillation - **Indole 0.5–1.5%** = natural narcotic-animalic character; absence or synthetic replacement = simplified/inferior product - **cis-Jasmone 2–5%** = key odorant; synthetic jasmine f

Hồ Sơ Hương Thơm

Section 3 — Aroma & Perfumery Profile

Phân loại nốt

Heart–Base (classical Heart no

Cường độ

3/5

Độ bền trên da

6–12 hours (skin); 24–72 hours on fabric; dry-down transforms significantly — bright floral at start, honeyed-balsamic at base

Họ hương

[Primary: White Floral] [Secondary: Narcotic / Oriental / Balsamic]

Rich, narcotic, warm, honeyed, indolic, waxy, deep floral, slightly animalic, exotic

Ngào ngạt – nồng ấm – mật ong – hoa trắng sâu thẳm – gợi cảm – gây nghiện – hơi thú tính nhẹ

Kết hợp tốt với

White FloralOrientalChypreFloral-OrientalSoft-FloralLeatherAnimalicTobacco-Floral

Blend kinh điển

Ylang Ylang Complete + Jasmine Absolute— balance carefully to avoid cloying

Công Dụng Trị Liệu

Section 4 — Therapeutic Properties

Antidepressant / Mood-elevating

Methyl jasmonate modulates serotonergic pathways and exhibits antidepressant-like activity in animal models (forced swim test, tail suspension test); inhaled benzyl acetate activates olfactory-limbic circuits uplifting mood; clinical aromatherapy data confirm jasmine inhalation increases positive emotional states. Ref: DOI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.06.012 (ScienceDirect 2019); Nature Sci Rep 2026 (nature.com/s41598-026); PMID 12203263

Anxiolytic / Sedative

Linalool (GABAergic), benzyl benzoate (antispasmodic CNS), and olfactory-limbic activation reduce perceived anxiety; inhalation of jasmine absolute in pilot GAD study (JAHM 2015) reduced Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale scores significantly (pre: 25.0 → post: 9.97; P=0.000). Ref: JAHM study 2015 (jahm.co.in 124/106/323); PMID 12203263

Antispasmodic

Jasmine absolute relaxes smooth muscle via cAMP-mediated mechanism (not atropine-like); in vitro guinea pig ileum smooth muscle preparation; mode of action resembles lavender, geranium, and peppermint; applicable for uterine pain, IBS, dysmenorrhoea. Ref: PMID 12203263

Uterotonic / Parturient

Increases oxytocin levels; reduces labour pain and labour duration; reduces need for pharmacological analgesia in term pregnancies. Ref: PMC4280734; Leicestershire NHS Aromatherapy Protocol (≥37 weeks only)

Aphrodisiac / Libido-supportive

Central serotonergic + dopaminergic pathway modulation via aromatic compounds; traditional and clinical support for jasmine's role in sexual wellbeing, confidence, and desire. Ref: PMID 12203263; traditional medicine systems

Antimicrobial

Benzyl alcohol (preservative-grade antimicrobial), eugenol, linalool, farnesol active against *S. aureus*, *E. coli*, *C. albicans* in vitro; jasmine absolute disc diffusion confirmed inhibition zones. Ref: Jirovetz et al. 2007 (Sagepub 1934578X0700200411)

Cicatrisant / Wound healing

Benzyl benzoate + eugenol + linalool contribute to tissue regeneration; farnesol supports skin barrier repair; jasmine used in traditional scar treatment. Ref: PMID 12203263; traditional Ayurveda

Tâm Lý & Năng Lượng

Section 5 — Emotional & Energetic Profile

Tâm trạng: Uplifting + Sensual + Warming (euphorically uplifting and confidence-boosting, with deeply warming sensuality — the "Queen of Emotional Oils" in aromatherapy tradition; both elevates and grounds emotional states simultaneously)

Self-confidencesensualityjoyovercoming emotional coldness/fear of intimacyeuphoriaoptimismcreative inspiration

Chakra: Sacral Chakra ★★★★★ (Svadhisthana — sensuality, creativity, pleasure, emotional flow); Heart Chakra ★★★★☆ (Anahata — love, self-acceptance, joy); Solar Plexus ★★★★☆ (Manipura — confidence and personal power)

Ngũ hành: **Hỏa (Fire) ★★★★★** — governs joy, Heart/Pericardium meridians, emotional warmth, spirit (shen); jasmine's uplifting-joyful-sensual nature is quintessentially Fire; **Thủy (Water) ★★★☆☆** — Kidney Jing (vital essence), sensuality, depth — Jasmine's aphrodisiac and deeply grounding qualities

Cách Dùng & Pha Chế

Section 6 — Application & Formulation

Diffusion (khuếch tán)

1–2 drops / 100ml — Extremely potent — start at 1 drop; 20–30 min max; blend with sandalwood or frankincense to moderate intensity; avoid bedroom if stimulating effect is experienced

Topical massage (massage)

0.5–1% dilution — ≈ 3–6 drops per 30ml carrier; abdominal, chest, lower back; excellent for dysmenorrhoea (1% in castor or almond); partner massage at 0.5% in jojoba

Bath (tắm)

3–5 drops in 1 tbsp whole milk / jojoba / castile — Pre-dilute mandatory; sensual evening bath at 0.5%; avoid >5 drops — potential headache from high diffusion in enclosed bath space

Inhalation (hít)

1–2 drops on tissue — 5–10 min; antidepressant / acute anxiety; 1 drop on collar or wrist (on fabric, not skin)

Skincare (chăm sóc da)

0.5–1% in facial serum or oil — ≈ 3 drops per 30ml; evening routine; combine with rosehip + jojoba; patch test first; not for oily/acne-prone as first choice

Perfumery

0.3–2% in finished product (IFRA Cat 4) — Heart note anchor; fixative role; trace doses (0.3%) already significant; always combine GC/MS-verified batch

Labour support (≥37 weeks)

2 drops diluted in 5ml carrier, topical lower abdomen — NHS clinical protocol — term pregnancy only; uterotonic at term; monitor uterine response

Phù Hợp Loại Da

Section 7 — Skin Type Suitability

Da dầu/mụn

Not recommended as primary active — benzyl benzoate can be comedogenic in some formulations; antimicrobial benefit insufficient to outweigh comedogenic risk; use with caution at ≤0.3% if needed

Da khô

Excellent — benzyl benzoate + phytol + linalool deeply nourishing and barrier-supportive; 0.5–1% in argan or rosehip for intensive dry skin serum

Da hỗn hợp

Focus on dry zones; use 0.5% in lightweight jojoba; avoid heavy concentration on T-zone

Da nhạy cảm

HIGH sensitisation risk — benzyl acetate, benzyl benzoate, eugenol, linalool, farnesol, indole — multiple EU 26 allergens; patch test mandatory; start ≤0.3%; many sensitive skin types better served by alternatives

Da lão hóa

Top-tier choice — phytol antioxidant, linalool cytophylactic, farnesol skin-conditioning, benzyl benzoate emollient; 0.5–1% in rosehip or argan evening serum for anti-aging

Da tăng sắc tố

Indirect benefit via skin-renewal; no direct melanin-inhibiting action; combine with rosehip + vitamin C for targeted brightening

Viêm da cơ địa

CAUTION — multiple sensitising constituents; benzyl benzoate and eugenol documented contact sensitisers in eczema patients; avoid during flare; patch test rigorously; ≤0.3% remission use only

Da đầu/Tóc

Excellent for hair perfuming and scalp oil; 0.5% in jojoba or argan scalp serum; traditional jasmine hair oil in Indian and Vietnamese practice; farnesol antimicrobial benefit

An Toàn & Chống Chỉ Định

Section 8 — Safety

Giới hạn da tối đa

Xem chi tiết

IFRA Restriction

YES — IFRA 51st Amendment applies; NHRORGANIC IFRA 51 cert: Benzyl benzoate <25% in fragrance mixture; benzyl alcohol <2.5%; eugenol <2%; farnesol restricted by category;

Thai kỳ & Cho con bú

Tam cá nguyệt 1Avoid

Tam cá nguyệt 2Avoid

Tam cá nguyệt 3Avoid

Giới hạn độ tuổi

- Children under 2: **AVOID ALL USE** — multiple allergens + uterotonic status; not assessed for infant safety

Tương tác thuốc

! Oxytocin / Uterotonic drugs:: ADDITIVE — avoid co-administration; jasmine + synthetic oxytocin could cause uterine hyperstimulation
! CNS depressants / Benzodiazepines:: Mild additive sedation via linalool + benzyl benzoate; monitor
! Anticoagulants:: Eugenol (1–3%) has antiplatelet activity; avoid high-dose topical with anticoagulant therapy
! SSRIs / Antidepressants:: Theoretical serotonergic synergy via methyl jasmonate; not contraindicated but monitor effect

Chống chỉ định

x Max dermal % (leave-on):
x IFRA restriction:
x Practical safe skincare limit:
x T1 (tam cá nguyệt 1):
x T3 (<37 weeks):
x T3 (≥37 weeks / at term):
x Breastfeeding:
x Rationale: Jasmine increases oxytocin; antispasmodic + uterotonic dual action; traditional parturient classification is confirmed by multiple clinical studies
x Children under 2:
x Children 2–10:
x Children 10–16: Diluted topical ≤0.3%; monitor for sensitisation response
x Oxytocin / Uterotonic drugs:
x CNS depressants / Benzodiazepines:
x Anticoagulants:
x SSRIs / Antidepressants:
x Pregnancy T1–T3 (<37 weeks) — absolute contraindication
x Known allergy to benzyl benzoate, benzyl acetate, eugenol, linalool, or farnesol (EU 26)
x Active eczema/atopic dermatitis — multiple contact sensitisers present
x Asthma / severe respiratory hypersensitivity — undiluted/high-concentration inhalation can trigger bronchospasm (especially at high room concentration)
x Pre-existing uterine conditions (fibroid, uterine surgery history) — uterotonic effect
x Do not use undiluted on skin under any circumstances

Kiểm tra chất lượng

- **Genuine:** Deep orange-brown to reddish-amber; viscous, semi-solid at room temperature; unmistakable rich, narcotic, deeply sweet floral aroma with waxy-honeyed dry-down; GC/MS must show: benzyl acetate 14–28%, benzyl benzoate 14–30%, phytol ≥8% (critical authenticity marker), indole 0.5–1.5%, cis-jasmone 2–5% - **Adulteration risks (EXTREMELY HIGH — among highest in natural perfumery):** - Synthetic benzyl acetate/benzyl benzoate addition to inferior or diluted base - Dilution with diet

Bảo quản

Amber/dark glass; <15°C ideal (semi-solid at room temperature is normal and not a defect); avoid direct sunlight; nitrogen flush recommended for long storage; shelf life **2–3 years sealed**; **12–18 months opened**; warm gently in palm before use if viscous; keep away from humidity (benzyl benzoate

Bối Cảnh Việt Nam

Section 9 — VN Context

Nhập khẩu hoàn toàn**Tier 2 Premium (J. sambac / hoa nhài) / Imported (J. grandiflorum absolute)** — *J. sambac* jasmine cultivation and jasmine tea production is a significant VN agricultural heritage. *J. grandiflorum* absolute production is exclusively imported. The cultural identity of "hoa nhài" belongs primarily to *J. sambac* in Vietnamese context.

Vùng trồng / sản xuất tại VN

Tên gọi tại Việt Nam

- *Hoa nhài* — most common VN nametypically refers to *J. sambac* in VN contextsometimes used loosely for grandiflorum

Trong Y học cổ truyền VN

- *Trà hoa nhài* — Vietnam produces and exports significant quantities of jasmine-scented green tea using *J. sambac* flowers; major agricultural industry; Thanh Hóa and Nghệ An are primary jasmine tea regions - *Hoa nhài* used in Buddhist floral offerings (lễ dâng hoa) at temples and pagodas throughout Vietnam - Traditional hair oil — jasmine-infused coconut oil for hair fragrance and conditioning; widely used by Vietnamese women historically - Folk medicine: dried jasmine flowers (*J. sa

Mua hàng tại VN

- *J. grandiflorum* absolute: available at specialist aromatherapy/perfumery suppliers in Hanoi (Phố Hàng Hương area specialty stores, online aromatherapy platforms) and HCM City - Very high adulteration rate in Vietnamese market — many products labelled "tinh dầu hoa nhài" are synthetic jasmine fragrance oils (iso-amyl acetate + benzyl acetate + hedione base) or heavily diluted absolutes - Authentic price range: 500,000–2,500,000 VND / 1–3 ml; anything significantly cheaper is almost certai

Tài Liệu Tham Khảo

Section 10 — References

[Primary safety] Tisserand R & Young R. *Essential Oil Safety*, 2nd ed. Churchill Livingstone, 2014. Jasmine Absolute pp. 313–317; Benzyl benzoate p. 145; Eugenol p. 197; Linalool p. 241

[IFRA Standard] NHRORGANIC IFRA 51 Conformity Certificate — Jasmine Absolute *J. grandiflorum*: Benzyl benzoate <25% in fragrance mixture; Cat 4 guidance applies

[GC/MS India] Jirovetz L et al. *Natural Product Communications* 2007;2(4):463–469. GC/MS *J. grandiflorum* India: benzyl acetate 23.7%, benzyl benzoate 20.7%, phytol 10.9%

[GC/MS reference data] Kaiser R. in: Flavors and Fragrances, Elsevier 1988. *J. grandiflorum* average: benzyl acetate 27.5%, phytol 12.5%, linalool 10%, benzyl benzoate 9.5%

[GC/MS review] Baldovini N et al. *Flavour Fragr. J.* 2011;26(3):143–177. Comprehensive review jasmine absolute chemistry

[Antispasmodic] PMID 12203263 — Lis-Balchin M & Hart SL. *Phytother Res.* 2002;16(6):540–548. Spasmolytic activity jasmine absolute; cAMP mechanism

[Labour RCT] PMC4280734 — Kaviani M et al. *Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res.* 2014;19(1):8–14. Aromatherapy jasmine vs lavender labour analgesia

[Antidepressant] DOI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.06.012 — Methyl jasmonate antidepressant serotonergic mechanism; ScienceDirect 2019

[Comparative volatile] Nature Sci Rep 2026 — DOI 10.1038/s41598-026-39688-w. Comparative Jasminum volatiles; MJ antidepressant confirmed

[GAD clinical pilot] JAHM 2015 — Inhalation jasmine EO GAD; HARS pre: 25.0 → post: 9.97; P=0.000

[Uterotonic safety] PMC4280734; Leicestershire NHS Aromatherapy Protocol (aromatherapy-for-low-risk-women-in-pregnancy); uterotonic contraindication <37 weeks

[Production / supply] Ultra International B.V. Jasmine Absolute Egypt 2025; Shiva Exports India monograph; Scentspiracy — production history

[VN jasmine culture] Wikipedia VN — *Jasminum grandiflorum*; Econashine.com — trà hoa nhài VN; PROSEA 1996

[Data reliability] HIGH — GC/MS chemistry HIGH (multiple peer-reviewed + IFRA regulatory); safety HIGH (Tisserand + NHS clinical protocol); clinical evidence MODERATE (RCT + pilot + in vitro); VN context MODERATE–HIGH (agricultural data + traditional use well documented)

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